Laboratory Pilot Hammer Mill
Fitted with 16 reversible hardened steel hammers, 3.0 kW motor, and interchangeable screen inserts.
Agricultural Engineering / Hammer Mill Size Reduction
FREE TO EXPLORELABORATORY 27 · AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
Hammer Mill Size Reduction, Sieve Fineness Modulus & Bond's Comminution Law
Determine the specific electrical grinding energy, particle size distribution, and fineness modulus of ground grain in a hammer mill, and calibrate Bond's comminution law. Explore interactive farm machinery simulation, irrigation hydraulics, and agricultural engineering telemetry.
FARM MACHINERY · SOIL & WATER · POST-HARVEST · STRUCTURES
Your virtual agricultural engineering laboratory.
SPECIFIC GRINDING ENERGY E_S—
FIELD & TEST CELL TELEMETRY
Ready to sample with 1/√d_p = 1.1 mm^-0.5.
Adjust 1/√d_p, then execute agricultural trial.
Agricultural engineering telemetry and biosystems states are evaluated rigorously using 64-bit IEEE 754 precision. Residuals reflect ordinary least-squares regression across successive observations. Continuous data structures support high-fidelity agricultural and environmental modeling.
Agricultural assumptions and boundary condition limits
Hammer mills produce a wide, polydisperse particle size distribution with substantial fines compared to roller mills. Evaluated using shelled feed corn (initial diameter d_initial = 7.5 mm) ground through hammer mill screens from 1.0 mm to 6.0 mm (1/√d_p from 0.5 to 2.0 mm^-0.5).
Agricultural apparatus & field instrumentation sensors.
Digital Three-Phase Power Analyzer
Measures active electrical power (kW) and energy consumption (kWh) with 0.1% accuracy.
Standard Interchangeable Perforated Screens
Perforated screens with circular openings of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 mm.
Ro-Tap Mechanical Sieve Shaker & Sieve Nest
ASABE S319 standard nest of 14 sieves from No. 4 to No. 270 with pan.
Vibratory Electromagnetic Feed Hopper
Delivers a constant, uniform grain feed rate of 100 kg/h into the grinding chamber.
Precision Analytical Balance (0.01 g)
Weighs sieved grain fractions to calculate geometric mean diameter d_gw and fineness modulus.
FOLLOW THE METHOD
A reason behind every step.
Determine the specific electrical grinding energy, particle size distribution, and fineness modulus of ground grain in a hammer mill, and calibrate Bond's comminution law. Standardized parameter settings: 0.5, 0.8, 1.1, 1.4, 1.7, 2.0 mm^-0.5.
01
Initial Screen Installation & Tare Power
Install the 6.0 mm perforated screen in the hammer mill. Run the mill empty at rated speed (3600 RPM) to record baseline idle mechanical friction and windage power (P_idle).
02
Batch Feeding & Energy Logging
Weigh exactly 10.0 kg of shelled corn, start the vibratory feeder to deliver grain at 100 kg/h, and integrate net active electrical energy (kWh) until the batch is completely ground.
03
Specific Energy Calculation
Calculate net specific grinding energy E_s = (E_total - E_idle) / Mass_batch (kWh/tonne).
04
Sieve Shaker Fineness Analysis
Take a representative 100 g sample of ground meal, place in the standard Ro-Tap sieve shaker for 10.0 minutes, weigh fractions on each sieve, and compute geometric mean diameter d_p in accordance with ASABE S319.
05
Screen Size Stepping
Repeat the grinding trial across screens of 4.5, 3.0, 2.0, 1.5, and 1.0 mm, recording specific energy E_s and particle diameter d_p for each trial.
06
Bond's Law Linear Regression
Calculate size parameter 1/√d_p (mm^-0.5), plot specific energy E_s versus 1/√d_p, and determine Bond's work scaling factor K_b via linear regression.
YOUR NOTEBOOK · 0 OBSERVATIONS
Turn measurements into agricultural engineering insight.
Points are your recorded observations. The solid regression line validates Hammer Mill Size Reduction mathematical scaling.
LINEAR REGRESSION FIT · y = mx + b
E_s = K_b · (1 / √d_p) = 4.8000 · (1 / √d_p)
| # | Comminution Size Parameter 1 / √d_p (mm^-0.5) | Specific Grinding Energy E_s (kWh/t) | Size parameter 1/√d_p (mm^-0.5) | Specific energy E_s (kWh/t) | Remove |
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