Laboratory Thin-Layer Drying Wind Tunnel
Insulated aerodynamic duct delivering precisely controlled temperature, velocity, and humidity.
Agricultural Engineering / Thin-Layer Drying Kinetics
FREE TO EXPLORELABORATORY 22 · AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
Thin-Layer Forced-Air Grain Drying Kinetics & Page Empirical Model Evaluation
Investigate the forced-air thin-layer drying kinetics of agricultural cereal grain, determine moisture ratio decay over time, and evaluate Page model drying parameters. Explore interactive farm machinery simulation, irrigation hydraulics, and agricultural engineering telemetry.
FARM MACHINERY · SOIL & WATER · POST-HARVEST · STRUCTURES
Your virtual agricultural engineering laboratory.
DOUBLE LOGARITHM LN(-LN(MR))—
FIELD & TEST CELL TELEMETRY
Ready to sample with ln(Time t) = 3.4012 ln(min).
Adjust ln(Time t), then execute agricultural trial.
Agricultural engineering telemetry and biosystems states are evaluated rigorously using 64-bit IEEE 754 precision. Residuals reflect ordinary least-squares regression across successive observations. Continuous data structures support high-fidelity agricultural and environmental modeling.
Agricultural assumptions and boundary condition limits
Page's model is purely empirical; its parameters n_p and k_p do not directly represent fundamental physical transport properties like Fickian diffusivity. Evaluated using rough paddy rice (initial moisture 24.5% d.b., equilibrium moisture 9.2% d.b.) dried under forced air at 50°C and 1.2 m/s face velocity.
Agricultural apparatus & field instrumentation sensors.
Continuous Electronic Strain-Gauge Balance
Suspends the grain tray inside the air duct, recording mass loss every 10 seconds without stopping airflow.
PID-Controlled Electric Air Heater
Maintains drying air temperature at exactly 50.0°C within ±0.2°C precision.
Perforated Mesh Monolayer Grain Tray
Holds a single layer of grain kernels (300 g) with 85% open mesh area for unrestricted airflow.
Hot-Wire Duct Anemometer
Measures face air velocity entering the grain layer with 0.05 m/s precision.
Chilled-Mirror Relative Humidity Transmitter
Logs drying air psychrometric properties at the test section inlet.
FOLLOW THE METHOD
A reason behind every step.
Investigate the forced-air thin-layer drying kinetics of agricultural cereal grain, determine moisture ratio decay over time, and evaluate Page model drying parameters. Standardized parameter settings: 2.3026, 2.7081, 3.2189, 3.6889, 4.0943, 4.4998 ln(min).
01
Drying Tunnel Warm-Up & Stabilization
Turn on the tunnel blower and PID heater, setting airflow to 1.2 m/s and air temperature to 50.0°C, allowing the empty duct to reach steady thermal equilibrium for 20 minutes.
02
Initial Moisture & Tare Setup
Determine initial grain moisture content M_0 via rapid moisture tester (24.5% d.b.). Tare the suspended perforated tray on the continuous balance.
03
Monolayer Grain Loading
Evenly spread 300.0 g of moist paddy rice in a single kernel layer across the tray, immediately inserting it into the drying air stream and zeroing the timer at t = 0.
04
Continuous Mass Loss Acquisition
Log instantaneous tray mass m(t) at 10, 15, 25, 40, 60, and 90 minutes as moisture evaporates into the conditioned air stream.
05
Moisture Ratio Transformation
Convert instantaneous mass into dry-basis moisture M_t, calculate Moisture Ratio MR = (M_t - M_e) / (M_0 - M_e), and compute the double logarithm ln[-ln(MR)].
06
Page Model Regression
Plot ln[-ln(MR)] against ln(t), perform linear regression, and extract Page's drying exponent n_p and drying rate constant k_p.
YOUR NOTEBOOK · 0 OBSERVATIONS
Turn measurements into agricultural engineering insight.
Points are your recorded observations. The solid regression line validates Thin-Layer Drying Kinetics mathematical scaling.
LINEAR REGRESSION FIT · y = mx + b
ln(-ln(MR)) = n_p · ln(t) + ln(k_p) = 1.2500 · ln(t) - 4.5000
| # | Logarithm of Drying Time ln(t) (ln(min)) | Double Logarithm ln(-ln(MR)) (transformed) | ln(Drying time t in min) | ln(-ln(Moisture ratio MR)) | Remove |
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