Cardiovascular Mock Circulatory Flow Simulator
Replicates left ventricular stroke volume, tri-leaflet aortic valve, and systemic impedance.
Biomedical Engineering / Windkessel Arterial Compliance
FREE TO EXPLORELABORATORY 29 · BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Two-Element Windkessel Lumped-Parameter Arterial Compliance & Diastolic Decay
Determine the arterial Windkessel decay rate constant k_w and evaluate total systemic arterial compliance C_a from the exponential diastolic pressure runoff curve. Explore interactive physiological instrumentation simulation, biomechanics, and biomedical engineering telemetry.
BIOINSTRUMENTATION · BIOSIGNALS · BIOMECHANICS · IMAGING
Your virtual biomedical engineering laboratory.
ARTERIAL PRESSURE RATIO P/P_ES—
PHYSIOLOGICAL & TEST CELL TELEMETRY
Ready to sample with Time t = 300.0 ms.
Adjust Time t, then execute biomedical trial.
Biomedical engineering telemetry and physiological states are evaluated rigorously using 64-bit IEEE 754 precision. Residuals reflect ordinary least-squares regression across successive observations. Continuous data structures support high-fidelity biological and physiological modeling.
Biomedical assumptions and boundary condition limits
The two-element Windkessel model neglects wave reflection phenomena that create localized systolic pressure amplification in peripheral arteries. Evaluated on a mock cardiovascular circulatory flow loop with a silicone elastic aorta and variable peripheral resistance valve. Systemic parameters: peripheral resistance R_p = 1.00 mmHg·s/mL (133.3 kPa·s/L), end-systolic dicrotic notch pressure P_es = 100 mmHg. Diastolic time constant τ = R_p · C_a = 800 ms, yielding decay rate k_w = 1/800 ms = 0.00125 ms⁻¹ (arterial compliance C_a = 1.067 mL/mmHg). Evaluated across times 100 to 600 ms.
Biomedical apparatus & physiological sensors.
Compliant Silicone Aortic Phantom Chamber
Provides physiological elastic capacitance (compliance C_a ~ 1.0 mL/mmHg) storing systolic volume.
Adjustable Micro-Precision Peripheral Resistance Valve
Calibrates total peripheral resistance R_p to standard physiological value (1.00 mmHg·s/mL).
Catheter-Tipped Solid-State Pressure Transducer (Millar Mikro-Tip)
Records high-fidelity intravascular pressure waveforms at 2000 Hz with zero fluid inertia.
Pneumatic Piston Left Ventricle Pulsatile Driver
Generates 70 mL stroke volumes at 72 beats/min with realistic systolic ejection and diastolic rest times.
Synchronous ECG & Aortic Waveform Telemetry Workstation
Identifies dicrotic notch incisura and isolates diastolic exponential decay segments.
FOLLOW THE METHOD
A reason behind every step.
Determine the arterial Windkessel decay rate constant k_w and evaluate total systemic arterial compliance C_a from the exponential diastolic pressure runoff curve. Standardized parameter settings: 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 600.0 ms.
01
Circulatory Loop Priming and Transducer Calibration
Prime flow loop with 40% glycerol-water blood analog (viscosity 3.8 cP at 22 °C), purge air, and calibrate Millar pressure transducer against mercury manometer.
02
Ventricular Hemodynamic Stabilization
Set pneumatic driver to 72 BPM (stroke volume 70 mL, systolic duration 300 ms, diastolic duration 533 ms); verify stable 120/80 mmHg aortic pressure wave.
03
Dicrotic Notch Incisura Identification
Locate the dicrotic notch (closure of aortic valve) marking end-systole (t = 0, P_es = 100.0 mmHg) to define the onset of pure diastolic runoff.
04
Diastolic Pressure Waveform Sampling
Sample decaying arterial pressure P(t) at standardized post-incisura intervals: t = 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 ms across 10 cardiac cycles.
05
Logarithmic Transformation Calculation
Compute normalized pressure ratio P(t)/P_es and take natural logarithm y = ln(P/P_es) at each time step.
06
Windkessel Decay Regression Analysis
Plot ln(P/P_es) versus decay time t, determine slope -k_w via linear regression, and calculate total arterial compliance C_a = 1 / (R_p · k_w).
YOUR NOTEBOOK · 0 OBSERVATIONS
Turn measurements into biomedical engineering insight.
Points are your recorded observations. The solid regression line validates Windkessel Arterial Compliance mathematical scaling.
LINEAR REGRESSION FIT · y = mx + b
ln(P/P_es) = -k_w · t = -0.00125 · t
| # | Diastolic Decay Time t (ms) | Arterial Pressure Ratio P/P_es (ratio) | Diastolic decay time t (ms) | Natural log pressure ratio ln(P/P_es) | Remove |
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